Machine Learning

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Base LLMs Show Strong Semantic Confidence Accuracy, But Fine-Tuning and Chain-of-Thought Reasoning Destroy It

Base LLMs Show Strong Semantic Confidence Accuracy, But Fine-Tuning and Chain-of-Thought Reasoning Destroy It

Mar 25, 2026
Apple Machine Learning Research

New research reveals that base large language models possess strong semantic confidence accuracy, but popular techniques like fine-tuning and chain-of-thought reasoning actively destroy this calibration, raising urgent questions about the reliability of widely deployed AI systems.

397-Billion Parameter AI Model Runs on MacBook Pro With 48GB RAM at 4.4 Tokens Per Second Using Custom C/Metal Engine

397-Billion Parameter AI Model Runs on MacBook Pro With 48GB RAM at 4.4 Tokens Per Second Using Custom C/Metal Engine

Mar 23, 2026
GitHub

A custom C/Metal inference engine called Flash-MoE is now running a massive 397-billion parameter AI model on a standard MacBook Pro with 48GB RAM, streaming 209GB directly from SSD at 4.4 tokens per second — with 58 documented experiments revealing that Apple Silicon's unified memory architecture defies conventional optimization wisdom.

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